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Anaphylaxis: Triggers and symptoms

02 June 2020
Volume 1 | British Journal of Child health · Issue 3

Abstract

Anaphylaxis is a severe allergic reaction, which is potentially life-threatening. It is therefore important that health professionals have a good understanding of its triggers, presentation and management. This first article of a two-part series, focuses on the common triggers and symptoms of anaphylaxis, and explores some of the literature around assessment and diagnosis.

Anaphylaxis is a severe allergic reaction that can be potentially life-threatening, particularly in children and adolescents (Sampson et al, 2005; Sampson et al, 2006; Hompes et al, 2011; Simons et al, 2011; Grabenhenrich et al, 2016). It can present in virtually any setting and is very unpredictable (Sheikh et al, 2008; Dinakar, 2012; Grabenhenrich et al, 2016). In fact, the more rapidly anaphylaxis develops in a patient, the more likely the reaction is to be severe and life-threatening (Lieberman et al, 2010). It has also been reported that 60% of individuals who had anaphylaxis were not equipped with the correct medication needed to treat it (Wood et al, 2014). There is therefore a need to have a deeper understanding of anaphylaxis and how to correctly assess and diagnose it (Dinakar, 2012; Grabenhenrich et al, 2016). This article, the first of a two-part series, explores common anaphylaxis triggers and looks at some of the literature on the importance of early assessment and appropriate diagnosis in children and young people.

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